In a market that can be described with supply and demand curves, a price ceiling below the market clearing price:

will raise consumer surplus.
will lower consumer surplus.
will leave consumer surplus unchanged.
may either increase or decrease consumer surplus; the result is uncertain.


In a market that can be described with supply and demand curves, what will a price ceiling below the market-clearing price do to the total of producer and consumer surplus?

Raise it.
Lower it.
Leave it unchanged.
Either increase or decrease it; the result is uncertain.


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